K             value   = command.execute();
Future<K>     fValue  = command.queue();
Observable<K> ohValue = command.observe();         //hot observable
Observable<K> ocValue = command.toObservable();    //cold observable

public static class Factory {
    // String is HystrixCommandKey.name() (we can't use HystrixCommandKey directly as we can't guarantee it implements hashcode/equals correctly)
    private static ConcurrentHashMap<String, HystrixCircuitBreaker> circuitBreakersByCommand = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, HystrixCircuitBreaker>();
    public static HystrixCircuitBreaker getInstance(HystrixCommandKey key, HystrixCommandGroupKey group, HystrixCommandProperties properties, HystrixCommandMetrics metrics) {
        // this should find it for all but the first time
        HystrixCircuitBreaker previouslyCached = circuitBreakersByCommand.get(key.name());
        if (previouslyCached != null) {
            return previouslyCached;
        }
        // if we get here this is the first time so we need to initialize
        // Create and add to the map ... use putIfAbsent to atomically handle the possible race-condition of
        // 2 threads hitting this point at the same time and let ConcurrentHashMap provide us our thread-safety
        // If 2 threads hit here only one will get added and the other will get a non-null response instead.
        HystrixCircuitBreaker cbForCommand = circuitBreakersByCommand.putIfAbsent(key.name(), new HystrixCircuitBreakerImpl(key, group, properties, metrics));
        if (cbForCommand == null) {
            // this means the putIfAbsent step just created a new one so let's retrieve and return it
            return circuitBreakersByCommand.get(key.name());
        } else {
            // this means a race occurred and while attempting to 'put' another one got there before
            // and we instead retrieved it and will now return it
            return cbForCommand;
        }
    }
    public static HystrixCircuitBreaker getInstance(HystrixCommandKey key) {
        return circuitBreakersByCommand.get(key.name());
    }
    /* package */static void reset() {
        circuitBreakersByCommand.clear();
    }
}

@Override
public boolean isOpen() {
    if (circuitOpen.get()) {
        // if we're open we immediately return true and don't bother attempting to 'close' ourself as that is left to allowSingleTest and a subsequent successful test to close
        return true;
    }
    // we're closed, so let's see if errors have made us so we should trip the circuit open
    HealthCounts health = metrics.getHealthCounts();
    // check if we are past the statisticalWindowVolumeThreshold
    if (health.getTotalRequests() < properties.circuitBreakerRequestVolumeThreshold().get()) {
        // we are not past the minimum volume threshold for the statisticalWindow so we'll return false immediately and not calculate anything
        return false;
    }
    if (health.getErrorPercentage() < properties.circuitBreakerErrorThresholdPercentage().get()) {
        return false;
    } else {
        // our failure rate is too high, trip the circuit
        if (circuitOpen.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
            // if the previousValue was false then we want to set the currentTime
            circuitOpenedOrLastTestedTime.set(System.currentTimeMillis());
            return true;
        } else {
            // How could previousValue be true? If another thread was going through this code at the same time a race-condition could have
            // caused another thread to set it to true already even though we were in the process of doing the same
            // In this case, we know the circuit is open, so let the other thread set the currentTime and report back that the circuit is open
            return true;
        }
    }
}

public boolean allowSingleTest() {
    long timeCircuitOpenedOrWasLastTested = circuitOpenedOrLastTestedTime.get();
    // 1) if the circuit is open
    // 2) and it's been longer than 'sleepWindow' since we opened the circuit
    if (circuitOpen.get() && System.currentTimeMillis() > timeCircuitOpenedOrWasLastTested + properties.circuitBreakerSleepWindowInMilliseconds().get()) {
        // We push the 'circuitOpenedTime' ahead by 'sleepWindow' since we have allowed one request to try.
        // If it succeeds the circuit will be closed, otherwise another singleTest will be allowed at the end of the 'sleepWindow'.
        if (circuitOpenedOrLastTestedTime.compareAndSet(timeCircuitOpenedOrWasLastTested, System.currentTimeMillis())) {
            // if this returns true that means we set the time so we'll return true to allow the singleTest
            // if it returned false it means another thread raced us and allowed the singleTest before we did
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

@Override
public boolean allowRequest() {
    if (properties.circuitBreakerForceOpen().get()) {
        // properties have asked us to force the circuit open so we will allow NO requests
        return false;
    }
    if (properties.circuitBreakerForceClosed().get()) {
        // we still want to allow isOpen() to perform it's calculations so we simulate normal behavior
        isOpen();
        // properties have asked us to ignore errors so we will ignore the results of isOpen and just allow all traffic through
        return true;
    }
    return !isOpen() || allowSingleTest();
}

public void markSuccess() {
    if (circuitOpen.get()) {
        if (circuitOpen.compareAndSet(true, false)) {
            metrics.resetStream();
        }
    }
}